It is the largest snake in Africa, with an average size of 3 to 5 m in length and a maximum of 8 m. They have a triangular head covered in irregular scales, which are usually blackish-gray brown. The head also has two light-colored bands that form a spearhead shaped like the mouth.

Like many other snake species, they are quite solitary, seeking out members of their own species only during the breeding season. They stay mostly on the ground, but sometimes climb trees if necessary. They can swim well and stay submerged for a long time, avoiding potential threats.

Although primarily nocturnal as adults, central african rock pythons can be active during the day to sunbathe and thermoregulate. Juveniles, however, are usually active at dawn and dusk, preferring to retreat to the safety of a rock formation or hollow tree during the day and night.

They have a reputation for being particularly aggressive. If they cannot escape when they feel threatened, they bite and twitch with great ferocity. They have large, recurved teeth and their bites are very painful.

The central african rock python is now mainly limited to game reserves, national parks and isolated sections of the african savanna. Due to hunting for its meat and skin, there has been a large decline in this species in recent years.